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1996年8月,发生了一起3例输血后HIV感染事件,所输血液为EIA法抗HIV-1/2阴性,但后来证实含P24抗原,而且经核酸扩增技术证明HIV RNA阳性。英国提出对所有供血进行HCV、HBV和HIV核酸检测可进一步减少极低的输血感染病毒的风险。常规的输血前病毒学筛查试验可检测受血者感染情况,但确证困难,因为患者为恶性血液疾患接受清除骨髓治疗,患者因恶性血液病而免疫应答受损。对这种病人有必要进行连续地监测,以排除其系输血后感染,因疾病或治疗的一段时间内人体的天然免疫应答反应受损。
In August 1996, three cases of HIV infection after transfusion occurred. The blood transfusions were negative by EIA against HIV-1/2, but were later confirmed to contain P24 antigen. HIV RNA was also confirmed by nucleic acid amplification. The UK’s proposal for HCV, HBV and HIV nucleic acid testing for all blood donations further reduces the risk of very low blood transfusion-infected viruses. Conventional tests of transfusion pre-virological screening can detect infections in recipients, but confirmation is difficult because the patient is treated for clearance of bone marrow for hematologic malignancies and the patient is impaired immune response due to hematologic malignancies. It is necessary for this patient to be continuously monitored to exclude infection after it has been transfused and the body’s natural immune response is impaired during the period of treatment or treatment.