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利用低温热年代学数据定量反演岩体的剥露速率及其演化历史已经在地质学相关领域内得到了广泛应用。本文系统介绍了低温热年代学技术记录岩石冷却年龄和反演热史的原理方法,概述了区域地温场函数及其在热年龄解释和剥露速率反演过程中的重要作用,阐述了多种常用的剥露速率计算方法,包括:①利用矿物的冷却年龄和其所对应封闭温度关系的年龄-封闭温度法;②基于径迹退火或元素热扩散机制的热史模拟方法;③使用多种不同封闭温度的测年体系分析同一样品的矿物对法;④应用在近垂直采样剖面获得的样品年龄值和高程关系计算剥露速率的年龄-高程法。在阐述以上基本方法的原理和应用的基础上,提出了应用低温热年学技术反演岩体剥露作用的主要挑战和发展方向。
The quantitative inversion of rock mass exhumation rate and its evolution history using low-temperature thermochronological data have been widely used in geology related fields. This paper systematically introduces the principles and methods of cryogenic geochronology recording rock cooling age and thermal history inversion, summarizes the regional geotemperature field function and its important role in the interpretation of thermal age and the rate of exhumation rate, Commonly used methods for calculating the rate of exfoliation include: (1) the age-closure temperature method that takes into account the relationship between the cooling age of the mineral and the temperature at which it is closed; (2) the thermal history simulation method based on the trace annealing or the elemental thermal diffusion; (3) Different closed temperature dating system analysis of the same sample of minerals on the law; ④ application of the sample near the vertical sampling interval obtained by age and elevation relationship between the rate of exposure age-elevation method. On the basis of expatiating the principle and application of the above basic methods, the main challenges and development directions of the application of low temperature thermochronometry to reveal the detritus of the rock mass are put forward.