The anatomic features and fiber morphology for 4 acacia species were investigated by the method of comparative analysis. Physical and mechanical properties such as air-dry density, dimension stability, MOR, MOE and toughness were also measured and compared. Results indicate that A. crassicarpa is of the greatest average fiber length and A. mangium is of the greatest average vessel length, which are 1 179.6 ?m and 333.1 ? m, respectively. Fiber morphology of all 4 acacia species accords with the requirement on pulping and paper-making, so the 4 acacia timbers can be used for pulpwood. A. cincinata is of the greatest air-dry density 721 kg/m3 and greatest basic density 617 kg/m3, however, A. mangium is of the best dimensional stability because of its smallest coefficient of shrinkage. With the highest value of every index, A. cincinata is of the best mechanical properties. The anatomic features and fiber morphology for 4 acacia species were investigated by the method of comparative analysis. Physical and mechanical properties such as air-dry density, dimension stability, MOR, MOE and toughness were also measured and compared. Results indicate that A. crassicarpa is the greatest average fiber length and A. mangium is of the greatest average vessel length, which are 1 179.6 m and 333.1 m, respectively. Fiber morphology of all 4 acacia species accords with the requirement on pulping and paper-making, so the 4 acacia timbers can be used for pulpwood. A. cincinata is of the greatest dimensional-dry density 721 kg / m3 and greatest basic density 617 kg / m3, however, A. mangium is of the best dimensional stability because of its the smallest coefficient of shrinkage. With the highest value of every index, A. cincinata is of the best mechanical properties.