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五角棱镜属于反射棱镜的一种(代号为WⅡ—90°),由于它具有五个角和五条棱,所以常常被人称之为五棱镜或五角棱镜(如图1a、b所示)。当入射光线S垂直于AB面时,光线在BC和DE面上的入射角为22°30′,小于全内反射临界角,在DE和BC面上镀有反射层,成之为反射面。可见,它实际上是由两个互成45°的平面反射镜BC、ED组合而成。因此,它同样具有双平面反射镜组所具有的全部特性和直反射棱镜可使光轴改变90°的特性,它和直角棱镜相比较,其优点在于:五棱镜在其主截面内光线偏转角度只与两反射面的夹角有关,而与入射角无关,如图2所示,即使入射线
Pentagonal prism is a kind of reflecting prism (code WII-90 °). It is often referred to as pentaprism or pentagonal prism because it has five corners and five ribs (as shown in Figure 1a, b). When the incident light S is perpendicular to the AB plane, the incident angle of the light on the BC and DE planes is 22 ° 30 ’, less than the critical angle of total internal reflection. A reflection layer is coated on the DE and BC planes. Visible, it is actually composed of two 45 ° plane mirror BC, ED combination. Therefore, it also has all the features of the birefringent mirror set and the property that the reflection prism can change the optical axis by 90 °. Compared with the rectangular prism, the advantages of the prism are that the light deflection angle of the pentaprism in its main section Only with the angle between the two reflective surface, and has nothing to do with the incident angle, as shown in Figure 2, even if the incident line