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〔目的〕认清目前艾滋病在中国流行的现状、防治工作中的不足,动员全社会积极参与预防和控制艾滋病的工作。〔方法〕对中国艾滋病流行现状、监测系统及防治对策进行了分析。〔结果〕中国艾滋病流行分3个时期,现正处于快速增长期;艾滋病流行存在一些危险因素,如周边国家的艾滋病流行日趋严重;国内流动人口数目庞大且难于管理;吸毒和卖淫嫖娼活动在短期内难以禁绝和我国目前阻止艾滋病流行的能力仍然不足。艾滋病流行特点为HIV感染者分布于各种职业人群,主要是农民、归国劳工、无业游民及个体从业者;青壮年占感染者的大多数(86.7％),感染者年龄为20～50岁;约有2/3HIV感染者是通过注射毒品而感染;职业供浆者约占全国报告HIV感染者数量的11％。〔结论〕目前,中国已建立HIV/AIDS常规监测和中国HIV哨点监测2个监测系统;我国政府在预防和控制艾滋病方面采取了一些防治措施;并充分发挥中国传统医学的优势;组织科技攻关;进行HIV感染者的研究,这些举措都对有效的控制艾滋病在中国的传播起到了积极的作用。
[Purpose] To recognize the current situation of AIDS epidemic in China, prevent and control work deficiencies and mobilize the whole society to actively participate in the prevention and control of AIDS. [Methods] The current situation of AIDS in China, monitoring system and prevention and control measures were analyzed. [Results] The AIDS epidemic in China is now at a period of rapid growth. The AIDS epidemic has some dangerous factors, such as the increasingly serious AIDS epidemic in neighboring countries, the large and unmanageable population of migrants in China, the drug abuse and prostitution activities in the short term There is still insufficient capacity within the country to stop the AIDS epidemic. The HIV / AIDS pandemic is characterized by the distribution of HIV-infected persons in a variety of occupational groups, mainly farmers, returnees, unemployed vagrants and individual practitioners; the majority of young adults (86.7%) are infected and the age of infection is 20 to 50 years ; About 2/3 HIV infected persons were infected by injecting drugs; occupational donors accounted for about 11% of the total number of HIV-infected persons reported in the country. [Conclusions] At present, China has established two monitoring systems: HIV / AIDS routine surveillance and HIV sentinel surveillance in China. The Chinese government has taken some preventive and control measures to prevent and control AIDS. It has given full play to the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine and organized scientific and technological research The research on HIV-infected people has played a positive role in effectively controlling the spread of AIDS in China.