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用水文模型模拟流域的径流过程有助于我们掌握流域径流的影响因素及变化趋势。文中以塔吉克斯坦国瓦赫什河流域为研究区,采用含融雪结构的新安江模型模拟该流域1976-1985年的月径流过程,利用出山口实测径流数据对模型进行率定和检验。模拟径流过程基本符合实际径流过程的变化趋势,径流量相对误差在20%以内。结果表明:含融雪结构的新安江模型基本可以反映该流域产、汇流的主要物理机制;瓦赫什河流域径流对气温的变化较敏感,并与气温有较好的同步性。
Using hydrological models to simulate runoff in a river basin helps us understand the factors and trends in runoff. In this paper, the Wachshear basin in Tajikistan is taken as the research area. The monthly runoff from 1976 to 1985 in the basin was simulated by the Xin’anjiang model with snowmelt structure. The runoff data from the outlet were used to calibrate and test the model. The simulated runoff process basically accorded with the actual trend of runoff process, and the relative error of runoff was less than 20%. The results show that the Xin’anjiang model with snowmelt structure can basically reflect the main physical mechanism of the production and convergence of the river basin. The runoff in the Wachshe River basin is sensitive to the change of temperature and has a good synchronization with the temperature.