目的:通过总结IVF-ET中多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者应用控制性超促排卵(COH)后发生卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)的特点,提出防止中、重度OHSS发生的有效措施。方法:将IVF/ICSI治疗时出现中、重度OHSS的患者根据有无PCOS史分成PCOS组和对照组。比较分析PCOS组和非PCOS组在COH中的雌激素水平、卵泡数、取卵数及发生中、重度OHSS的时间等临床资料;分析妊娠对OHSS的影响。结果:PCOS组的Gn用药总量及hCG注射日的血清E2水平比对照组低,其总卵泡数、中小卵泡数明显高于对照组,发生中、重度OHSS的时间早,妊娠可能加重OHSS病情发展。结论:卵泡总数、中小卵泡数可作为PCOS患者预测中、重度OHSS独立的重要指标,建议即使取卵前E2水平不高、获卵数不多也考虑行全胚冷冻,以阻止严重的OHSS发生。 OBJECTIVE: To put forward effective measures to prevent the occurrence of moderate and severe OHSS by summarizing the characteristics of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in IVF-ET after controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH). Methods: Patients with moderate and severe OHSS during IVF / ICSI treatment were divided into PCOS group and control group according to the presence or absence of PCOS. The clinical data of estrogen level, follicle number, number of oocytes retrieved and the time of occurrence of moderate and severe OHSS in PCOS group and non-PCOS group were analyzed. The influence of pregnancy on OHSS was analyzed. Results: The total amount of Gn in PCOS group and serum E2 level on hCG injection day were lower than those in control group. The total number of follicles and the number of small and medium follicles in PCOS group were significantly higher than those in control group. The incidence of moderate and severe OHSS was earlier and the pregnancy might aggravate OHSS development of. Conclusions: The total number of follicles and the number of small and medium follicles can be used as independent important indexes for predicting medium and severe OHSS in patients with PCOS. It is suggested that even if the level of E2 before ovulation is low and the number of oocytes is small, whole-embryo freezing may be considered to prevent severe OHSS occurrence .