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在铝热反应中分别用铜底材和玻璃底材制备了316L不锈钢,并对其组织和力学性能进行研究。结果表明:铜底材和玻璃底材上制备的铸态316L不锈钢材料以纳米晶为主,微米晶和非晶在纳米基体上非均匀分布,组织主要由γ相组成,其纳米晶平均晶粒尺寸分别为33.6 nm和37.4 nm,玻璃底材上的晶粒尺寸明显大于铜底材,但抗拉强度和伸长率均相差不大,玻璃底材上的屈服强度明显高于铜底材。经800℃,8 h退火后,铜底材和玻璃底材上的不锈钢的纳米晶平均晶粒尺寸分别为17.4 nm和33.3 nm,相比铸态的纳米晶平均晶粒尺寸有所减小,而且铜底材上的减小幅度明显大于玻璃底材。铜底材上的316L不锈钢的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率均明显高于玻璃底材,抗拉强度达到640 MPa,伸长率达到22.6%。
In the aluminothermic reaction, 316L stainless steel was prepared from copper substrate and glass substrate, respectively. The microstructure and mechanical properties of 316L stainless steel were investigated. The results show that the as-cast 316L stainless steel on the copper substrate and the glass substrate mainly consists of nanocrystalline. The microcrystalline and amorphous are non-uniformly distributed on the nanomatrix, and the microstructure consists mainly of γ phase. The average grain size The sizes of the glass substrates are 33.6 nm and 37.4 nm, respectively. The grain size of the glass substrate is obviously larger than that of the copper substrate. However, the tensile strength and elongation of the glass substrate are similar, and the yield strength of the glass substrate is obviously higher than that of the copper substrate. After annealing at 800 ℃ for 8 h, the average grain sizes of nanocrystalline stainless steel on copper substrate and glass substrate were 17.4 nm and 33.3 nm, respectively, which were lower than those of as-cast nanocrystals. And the reduction of copper substrate was significantly greater than the glass substrate. The tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of 316L stainless steel on copper substrate were significantly higher than those of glass substrate, the tensile strength reached 640 MPa and the elongation reached 22.6%.