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石棉在一些工业(航空、造船、纺织等)使用广泛。高浓度石棉粉尘可引致石棉沉着病,胸膜纤维化,胸、腹膜间皮瘤、喉癌和呼吸道营养障碍性病变。其致病作用既有化学性也有物理性刺激,还有粉尘溶解时的细胞毒素作用和致癌作用。为制定有效的防治石棉粉尘致病措施,作者分析了100例暴露于石棉粉尘环境的不同工龄工人上呼吸道疾病发病情况及暂时性丧失劳动能力的病例数,按疾病范围分为孤立型、复合型(数处受损)、结合型(同一处受数种疾病损害)和完全型(各部同时受损)。
Asbestos is widely used in some industries (aviation, shipbuilding, textile, etc.). High concentrations of asbestos dust can cause asbestosis, pleural fibrosis, thorax, peritoneal mesothelioma, laryngeal cancer and respiratory dystrophy. Its pathogenic effects both chemical as well as physical stimulation, as well as cytotoxic and carcinogenic effects when dust is dissolved. In order to make effective prevention and control of asbestos powder pathogenicity, the author analyzed the incidence of upper respiratory diseases and temporary incapacity in 100 workers exposed to asbestos dust, and classified them into isolated and complex type according to the disease range (Several damaged), combined (one subject damaged by several diseases) and complete (all ministries damaged).