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在喜玛拉雅嘎瓦耳(Garhwal Himalaya)地区,选择7种温带(1500 to 3100 m,a.s.l.)森林类型,研究不同坡面(东北,西北,东南,西南)对自然森林的森林成分、群落结构和土壤特性的影响。在每种森林中自由采样。为了阐明研究不同坡面(东北、西北、东南、西南)对天然森林的森林成分、群落结构和土壤特性的影响,利用标准统计软件计算多种指标,如,重要价值指标、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、优势辛普森浓度、辛普森多样性指数、种均匀度和物种丰富度指数。在每种森林中采集复合土壤样品,分析土壤的物理化学特性、水分含量、持水量、pH、有机碳、磷、钾和有效氮含量。结果表明,北坡森林的总基盖度(高山栎林Quercus semecarpifolia为74.4 m2·ha-1)、优势度(长叶松林Pinus roxburghii为0.85)和树种多样(石斛蟹Quercus floribunda为1.81)均高于其他坡位森林,北坡森林土壤中的水分含量(白橡树Quercusleucotrichophora为40.8%)、持水量(藏柏Cupressus torulos为48.9%)、有机碳(雪松Cedrus deodara为3.8%)、磷(白橡树Quercus leucotrichophora为31.9 kg·ha-1)和氮(西藏长叶松林Pinus roxburghii为1.0%)均比其他坡位土壤值高。因此,北坡森林的生产力较高。
In the Garhwal Himalaya region, seven forest types (1500 to 3100 m asl) were selected to study the effects of different slopes (northeast, northwest, southeast and southwest) on the forest composition, Structure and soil properties. Free sampling in each forest. In order to clarify the effects of different slopes (northeast, northwest, southeast and southwest) on the forest composition, community structure and soil properties of natural forests, standard statistical software was used to calculate various indicators such as important value indicators, Shannon-Wiener diversity Index, dominant Simpson concentration, Simpson index, species evenness and species richness index. Composite soil samples were collected from each forest and analyzed for physico-chemical properties, moisture content, water holding capacity, pH, organic carbon, phosphorus, potassium, and available nitrogen. The results showed that the total canopy cover of Quercus semecarpifolia was 74.4 m 2 · ha-1 in the Quercus semecarpifolia forest, the dominance index (Pinus roxburghii was 0.85) and the diversity of tree species (Quercus floribunda was 1.81) The water content (Quercus leucotrichophora of white oak was 40.8%), the water holding capacity (48.9% of Cupressus torulos), organic carbon (Cedrus deodara 3.8%), phosphorus Quercus leucotrichophora was 31.9 kg · ha-1) and nitrogen (Pinus roxburghii 1.0%) was higher than other slope soil. Therefore, the productivity of the northern slope of the forest is high.