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目的：探讨有上消化道症状儿童幽门螺杆菌（Ｈｐ）感染的特点及Ｈｐ与各种上消化道病变的关系。方法：测定４９２例患儿血清Ｈｐ－免疫球蛋白（Ｉｇ）Ｇ抗体，进行电子胃镜检查并取胃窦部活检组织作细菌培养和组织病理学检查。结果：慢性胃炎的发生率为１００％。单纯慢性胃炎１７２例，伴十二指肠球炎９５例，伴十二指肠溃疡１０８例，伴滤泡样改变１１７例；４９２例中Ｈｐ呈阳性２９２例（５９．４％）。Ｈｐ阳性率随年龄增长而上升。Ｈｐ阳性组中，７７．１％Ｈｐ－ＩｇＧ抗体阳性，而阴性组仅１９．０％，两组比较差异非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。Ｈｐ阳性组中粘膜炎症呈活动性占７６．１％，阴性组占８．６％；十二指肠球炎分别占８４．６％和２３．３％；十二指肠溃疡分别占９７．７％和９．１％；滤泡样改变分别占９３．１％和２０．０％。结论：①有症状儿童Ｈｐ阳性率为５９．４％，阳性率随年龄增长而上升；②胃粘膜病变越重Ｈｐ阳性率越高；③胃粘膜病变越重，Ｈｐ阳性率越高，活动性炎症发生率就越高。
Objective: To investigate the characteristics of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in children with upper gastrointestinal symptoms and the relationship between Hp and various upper gastrointestinal diseases. Methods: Serum Hp immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibodies of 492 children were tested by electron gastroscopy and gastric sinus biopsy for bacterial culture and histopathological examination. Results: The incidence of chronic gastritis was 100%. There were 172 chronic gastritis cases, 95 cases with duodenal inflammation, 108 cases with duodenal ulcer and 117 cases with follicular changes. Of the 492 cases, 292 cases (59.4%) were Hp positive. Hp positive rate increases with age. In Hp positive group, 77.1% Hp-IgG antibody was positive, while only 19.0% in negative group, the difference between the two groups was significant (P <0.01). In Hp positive group, mucosal inflammation was active (76.1%) and negative (8.6%). Duodenal inflammation accounted for 84.6% and 23.3% respectively. Duodenal ulcer accounted for 97%. 7% and 9.1%, follicular changes accounted for 93.1% and 20.0% respectively. Conclusions: ① The positive rate of Hp in children with symptomatic disease was 59.4%, the positive rate increased with the increase of age; ② The higher the positive rate of Hp was, the higher the gastric mucosal lesion was; The higher the incidence of inflammation.