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随着船舶装运集装箱运输业的发展,出现了有专门船舶装运集装箱(简称集装箱船)和兼运集装箱的普通货船(简称货船)。 无论哪类船舶,就技术要求而言,除必须满足我国船检部门有关技术规范外,还应满足我国 《内河集装箱船建造与检验暂行规定》(1992)有关要求,这说明船舶当装运集装箱(箱内有货物)时其技术要求较船舶装运散装普通货物高。 船舶要具备适航条件,必须具备由国家船检部门签发的有效证书,主要包括船舶适航证书、船舶载重线证书、船舶吨位证书和船舶防油污证书等。在这里,就船舶吨位证书中有关总吨位(GT)的计算,即由于《内河船舶吨位丈量规范》(1995)对集装箱容积计算要求不明确,因此出现了不管是重箱或空箱(箱内未装货物,约2吨)时,GT计算结果其合理性则引起人们的关注和怀疑。 按照《内河船舶吨位丈量规范》规定,对其中容积V4,即有多少个集装箱其堆积高度超过量吨甲板部分容积时则应计入为V4。这个规定,对于装运重箱来说是合理的,如果该船部分装运重箱和部分装运空箱时,其GT 计算结果差别就很大;现就以500吨
With the development of shipping container shipping industry, there have been ordinary cargo ships (referred to as cargo ships) with specialized shipping containers (container ships) and concurrent shipping containers. No matter what kind of ships, in terms of technical requirements, in addition to the relevant technical specifications of ship inspection departments in China, they should also meet the relevant requirements of the Interim Provisions on the Construction and Inspection of Inland River Container Vessels (1992), which shows that when the ships are shipping containers The goods in the box) when its technical requirements are higher than the general shipment of bulk cargo ship. Vessels should have airworthiness conditions and must have valid certificates issued by the State’s ship inspection departments, including the ship’s airworthiness certificate, the ship’s load line certificate, the ship’s tonnage certificate and the ship’s oil pollution certificate. Here, the calculation of gross tonnage (GT) in the ship’s tonnage certificate means that due to the unclear requirements of the container volume calculation of the “Code for tonnage of inland ships tonnage” (1995), no matter whether it is a heavy tank or an empty tank Loading goods, about 2 tons), the reasonable result of GT calculation arouses people’s attention and suspicion. According to the Regulation for Measurement of Tonnage of Inland Vessels, the volume V4 shall be recorded as V4, ie, how many containers have a stacking height exceeding the volume of a tonnage deck. This provision is reasonable for shipping heavy boxes and if the ship is partially loaded with heavy boxes and partly empty containers, the difference in GT calculations is significant;