一、前言 大地形变测量作为研究地震预报的一种手段已被大家所接受。虽然目前对地震的孕育、发生过程还不清楚,但一般认为,地震是由于岩石块体在构造应力的作用下,块体中所积累的弹性能量突然释放而发生的。因此应用大地形变测量来监视岩石在应变能量积累和释放过程所造成的变形和断层活动,是寻求地震成因和前兆信息的重要手段。我国和日本、美国、苏联 I. INTRODUCTION Geodetic deformation measurement has been accepted by all as a means of studying earthquake prediction. Although the current process of earthquake inception, the process is unclear, but generally believed that the earthquake is due to the rock block under the effect of tectonic stress, the elastic energy accumulated in the block suddenly occurs. Therefore, the application of geodetic measurements to monitor deformation and fault activity caused by the accumulation and release of rock energy is an important means to seek information on earthquake origin and precursor information. China and Japan, the United States, the Soviet Union