1905年法国建立了世界上最早的非强制性失业保险。英国于1911年颁布了《国民保险法》,开创了强制性失业保险制度的先河。后来被西欧各国纷纷效法,构成了世界失业保险制度的主流。二次大战后,西欧国家普遍建立了社会保险制度。特别是60年代,西欧社会保险制度的发展达到了鼎盛时期,出现了一批“福利国家”。当代西欧失业保险制度的类型主要有:强制性失业保险,非强制性失业保险,失业救济制度,双重失业保险制度。保险范围、资金来源、资格条件、给付标准、给付期限和管理体制构成了西欧失业保险制度的基本框架。西欧失业保险制 In 1905 France established the world’s earliest non-compulsory unemployment insurance. The United Kingdom enacted the National Insurance Law in 1911, setting the precedent for a mandatory unemployment insurance system. Later, many countries in Western Europe followed suit, forming the mainstream of the unemployment insurance system in the world. After the Second World War, Western European countries generally established a social security system. Especially in the 1960s, the development of the social insurance system in Western Europe reached its peak and a number of “welfare states” emerged. The main types of contemporary unemployment insurance in Western Europe are: mandatory unemployment insurance, non-mandatory unemployment insurance, unemployment insurance system, dual unemployment insurance system. The scope of insurance, sources of funding, eligibility criteria, payment standards, terms of payment and management system form the basic framework for the unemployment insurance system in Western Europe. Western European unemployment insurance system