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本文在Kiminori Matsuyama提出的模型基础上,通过分析城乡生产均衡和交易均衡,说明影响中国城乡工资差距的因素,并通过1998—2007年省际面板数据进行经验分析,发现农村生产率提高有助于缩小中、西部城乡工资差距;城市生产率提高会扩大中西部工资差距,缩小东部工资差距;增加对农村的转移支付以及财政对第一产业的支持力度会扩大城乡工资差距。缩小城乡工资差距的有效途径对中、西部而言,是提高农村劳动生产率和加快劳动力的城乡转移,而东部应加快城市化进程、提高城市劳动生产率,政府财政对农村的支持应着重于提高农业现代化水平,对农村非农产业的支持和发展应合理指导。
Based on the model proposed by Kiminori Matsuyama, this paper analyzes the factors that affect the wage gap between urban and rural areas in China by analyzing the equilibrium of production and transaction in urban and rural areas, and empirically analyzes the inter-provincial panel data from 1998 to 2007 and finds that the increase of rural productivity is helpful to reduce The wage gap between urban and rural areas in central and western China will be widened. Increasing the urban productivity will widen the wage gap between the central and western regions and narrow the wage gap in the eastern region. Increasing the transfer payments to rural areas and supporting the primary industry by the financial sector will widen the wage gap between urban and rural areas. Effective Ways to Reduce the Wage Differentiation between Urban and Rural Areas To improve rural labor productivity and speed up the transfer of labor to urban and rural areas, the eastern part of China should speed up urbanization and increase urban labor productivity. The government’s financial support to rural areas should focus on improving agriculture The level of modernization, rural non-agricultural industry support and development should be reasonable guidance.