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目的了解广东省2004—2005年居民伤害死亡模式,为伤害预防控制提供基础信息。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取广东省12个市县作为调查点,调查对象为2004—2005年调查点户籍人口中的所有伤害死亡病例。使用伤害死亡率描述不同类别伤害的死亡水平,估计伤害导致的平均潜在寿命损失年,以及伤害死亡、寿命损失和潜在工作寿命损失占总死亡的比例。结果 2004—2005年12个调查点共有7 721例伤害死亡病例,其中男性4 950例,女性2 771例,城市1 795例,农村5 926例。全人群伤害死亡率为50.8/10万(标化率为47.8/10万),其中农村为55.2/10万(标化率为52.7/10万),城市为40.0/10万(标化率为37.9/10万);男性伤害死亡率(64.0/10万,标化率为61.6/10万)高于女性(37.0/10万,标化率为33.5/10万)(P<0.01)。伤害是居民死亡的第4位原因,占全部死亡的7.7%(7 721/99 919);无论城乡、男女,5~39岁人群伤害死亡占总死亡的比例最高,伤害是该年龄组的第1位死因。有意伤害和无意伤害死亡的比例分别为20.0%(1 544/7 721)和78.6%(6 072/7 721),农村15~59岁女性有意伤害死亡的比例最高,达到31.9%(408/1 280)。死亡率位于前5位的伤害分别是交通伤害(21.3/10万)、自杀(8.8/10万)、意外跌倒(6.5/10万)、意外溺水(5.6/10万)、意外中毒(2.6/10万);0~14岁人群导致死亡的主要伤害是意外溺水占伤害死亡的54.7%(350/640)1,5~59岁人群导致死亡的伤害主要是意外交通事故占伤害死亡的51.3%(2 308/4 506)6,0岁及以上老年人导致死亡的伤害主要是意外交通事故、意外跌倒、自杀,分别占伤害死亡的31.0%(796/2 576)、28.7%(746/2 576)、21.2%(545/2 576)。全省每年伤害死亡导致的潜在寿命损失年(YPLL)估计为116万人年,占全死因YPLL的35.6%,去除伤害死因后,期望寿命将增加1.28岁。结论交通伤害是广东省人群伤害的首位死因,伤害造成的社会经济损失较严重。必须加强广东省居民伤害的预防和控制。
Objective To understand the pattern of resident injury death in Guangdong from 2004 to 2005 and provide basic information for injury prevention and control. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 12 cities and counties in Guangdong Province as the investigation points for all the deaths from injury in the census register population from 2004 to 2005. Describe the level of death for different categories of injuries using injury mortality rates, estimate the average years of potential life lost due to injuries, and the percentage of injury deaths, loss of life expectancy, and potential loss of working life to total deaths. Results A total of 7 721 cases of injuries and deaths were reported from 12 surveys in 2004-2005, including 4 950 males, 2771 females, 1795 urban areas and 5 926 rural areas. The mortality rate of the entire population was 50.8 / 100000 (standardization rate was 47.8 / 100000), of which 55.2 / 100000 in rural areas (standardization rate was 52.7 / 100000), the city was 40.0 / 100000 (standardization rate 37.9 / 100000). Male mortality rate (64.0 / 100000, standardization rate was 61.6 / 100000) was higher than that of female (37.0 / 100000, standardization rate was 33.5 / 100000) (P <0.01). Injuries were the fourth leading cause of death among residents, accounting for 7.7% (7 721/99 919) of the total deaths; the highest percentage of deaths were deaths among urban and rural residents, both men and women, aged 5-39, 1 cause of death. The rates of intentional injury and unintentional injury were 20.0% (1544/7/721) and 78.6% (6072/7 721), respectively. The highest rate of intentional injury death among rural women aged 15-59 was 31.9% (408/1 280). Mortality rates in the top 5 were traffic injuries (21.3 / 100,000), suicide (8.8 / 100,000), accidental falls (6.5 / 100,000), accidental drowning (5.6 / 100,000) and accidental poisoning (2.6 / 100 000). The main cause of death from 0 to 14 years old was accidental drowning, which accounted for 54.7% (350/640) of deaths from injuries. Among the people aged from 59 to 59, the main casualties were 51.3% of fatality accidents due to accidental traffic accidents, (2 308/4 506) 6 The fatal injuries caused by the elderly aged 0 and over were mainly caused by accidental traffic accidents, accidental falls and suicides, accounting for 31.0% (796/2 576) and 28.7% (746/2 576), 21.2% (545/2 576). The annual loss of life expectancy (YPLL) due to injuries and deaths in the province is estimated at 1.16 million person-years, accounting for 35.6% of all-cause YPLLs and the expected life expectancy will increase by 1.28 years after the cause of injury is removed. Conclusion Traffic injury is the leading cause of injury among people in Guangdong Province, and the social and economic losses caused by injury are more serious. The prevention and control of injuries among residents in Guangdong Province must be strengthened.