短暂性脑缺血发作(transient ischemic attack,简称TIA)是指颈动脉或椎基底动脉系短暂的脑供血不足。临床上突然发病、神经症状和体征持续时间短暂,不超过24小时,但常反复多次发作。本病的早期诊断和及时治疗对防治完全性卒中有重要意义。因为在3-5年内,大致1/3病人发展为完全性卒中,1/3病人继续发生TIA,并留有大脑功能减退,仅1/3病人TIA自行停止。 Transient ischemic attack (TIA) refers to transient cerebral insufficiency in the carotid or vertebrobasilar arteries. Sudden onset of clinical, neurological symptoms and signs of short duration, no more than 24 hours, but often repeated multiple attacks. The early diagnosis and timely treatment of this disease is of great significance in the prevention and treatment of complete stroke. Since roughly one-third of patients develop complete strokes within 3-5 years, one third of the patients continue to develop TIA with brain dysfunction leaving only one-third of patients with TIA stopping on their own.