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当神舟九号飞船返回舱带着耀眼的火光划破苍穹,从太空返回地球表面时,地面的人们不禁会担心,返回舱会被烧坏吗?返回舱里的亲人安全吗?在黑障区(指飞船返回大气层后无线电信号中断的飞行区段,离地80公里到40公里)飞行的几十秒,地面的人们更是会把心提到了嗓子眼。要验证飞船是否会因为受热破坏这个问题,首先需要进行大量的地面防隔热试验。大气层外物体在高速返回地球表面的过程中,由于与空气的剧烈摩擦产生强烈的气动加热,从而会被全部或部分烧毁。
When the Shenzhou IX spacecraft’s capsule returned to the sky with dazzling flares and returned to the Earth’s surface from space, people on the ground could not help but worry that the return capsule would be burned out. Is it safe for the relatives in the return capsule? (Referring to the flight section where the radio signal was interrupted after the spacecraft returned to the atmosphere, 80 km to 40 km away from the ground), people on the ground would even raise their throats in the tens of seconds flying. To verify whether the spacecraft will be destroyed by heat because of this issue, first of all need to conduct a large number of ground insulation test. When objects at high speed return to the Earth’s surface at high speed, extra-atmospheric objects generate intense aerodynamic heating due to violent friction with the air and will be totally or partially destroyed.