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[目的]检测黑色素瘤抗原基因MAGE-A1在直肠癌组织中的表达,探索其与直肠癌临床病理的关系及其在直肠癌免疫治疗中的应用价值。[方法]采用RT-PCR法,对66例直肠癌患者的癌组织、癌旁“正常”黏膜组织和手术切缘组织(乙状结肠端)以及3例直肠息肉标本(无瘤)的MAGE-A1的表达情况进行检测,并对RT-PCR扩增产物中的目的基因片段进行DNA测序验证。[结果]66例直肠癌患者的直肠癌组织、癌旁“正常”黏膜组织、手术切缘组织MAGE-A1基因的表达阳性率分别为30.30%(20/66)、12.12%(8/66)、12.12%(8/66),3例直肠息肉标本未见MAGE-A1表达。肿瘤组织MAGE-A1基因表达阳性率均显著高于癌旁“正常”黏膜组织、手术切缘组织(P<0.05);而与年龄、性别、组织学类型、Dukes分期及淋巴结转移无关(P>0.05)。[结论]基于MAGE-A1基因在直肠癌中的高表达率,MAGE-A1表达蛋白可以作为一种有前途的靶点用于免疫治疗,同时有望成为一种筛查和随访指标。
[Objective] To detect the expression of melanoma antigen gene MAGE-A1 in rectal cancer tissue, explore its relationship with clinicopathology of rectal cancer and its application value in rectal cancer immunotherapy. [Methods] RT-PCR was used to detect the tumor tissues, paraneoplastic “normal” mucosal tissues, surgical margin tissues (sigmoid colon) and rectal polyp (no tumor) of 3 cases of rectal cancer. The expression of A1 was detected and DNA sequencing of the target gene fragment in the RT-PCR amplification product was performed. [Results] The positive rate of MAGE-A1 gene expression in rectal cancer tissues, paraneoplastic “normal” mucosal tissues and surgical margin tissues in 66 cases of rectal cancer were 30.30% (20/66) and 12.12% (8/ 66), 12.12% (8/66), 3 cases of rectal polyps showed no MAGE-A1 expression. The positive rate of MAGE-A1 gene expression in tumor tissue was significantly higher than that in paraneoplastic “normal” mucosa tissue and surgical margin (P <0.05), but not in age, sex, histological type, Dukes stage, and lymph node metastasis. P>0.05). [Conclusion] Based on the high expression rate of MAGE-A1 gene in rectal cancer, MAGE-A1 protein can be used as a promising target for immunotherapy, and it is expected to become a screening and follow-up index.