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自从发现人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)是引起获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)的病原体后,人们对HIV-1与人体相互作用的过程进行了深入研究。通过研究发现了HIV-1与机体相互作用的多种机制,例如HIV-1主要侵犯人体以CD4~+T细胞为主的表达其结合表位(如CCR5和CXCR4)的免疫活性细胞。目前研究者在正常机体内发现多种物质与HIV-1致病有关。例如APOBEC蛋白(人体内主要为APOBEC3G),当HIV-1侵入机体后,该蛋白表达减少,这一过程在HIV-1的致病过程中发挥重要作用。通过对这些蛋白或分子的研究,进一步揭示了HIV-1的致病机制,为治疗HIV感染/AIDS提供了新思路。同时不同的HIV-1感染细胞模型的构建为AIDS的研究提供了多种工具。
Since the discovery of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) as the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), an intensive study has been conducted on the interaction of HIV-1 with humans. Many studies have found that HIV-1 interacts with the body. For example, HIV-1 mainly affects the human CD4 + T cell-dominant immune-competent cells that express their binding epitopes (such as CCR5 and CXCR4). At present, researchers found that a variety of substances are involved in the pathogenesis of HIV-1 in the normal body. For example, APOBEC protein (mainly APOBEC3G in human body) reduces the expression of this protein when HIV-1 invades the body, and this process plays an important role in the pathogenesis of HIV-1. Through the study of these proteins or molecules, further revealing the pathogenesis of HIV-1, provides a new idea for the treatment of HIV infection / AIDS. At the same time, the construction of different HIV-1 infected cell models provides a variety of tools for the study of AIDS.