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一、一九四四年我在延安编写了一本“日用杂字”,供当时陕甘宁边区冬学里作识字教材。这本“农村日用杂字”就是根据那本“日用杂字”改写成的。不过因为今天祖国的情况跟当时的陕甘宁边区有很大的不同 ,因之改写的结果变动很大 :政治、生产、文化三部分完全是新写的 ,其他三部分也增删修改不少 ,全书的项目和前后次序也都和原来不同了。二、“杂字”的形式对巩固识字很有好处 ,因为它是用韵语写出 ,便于阅读 ,便于记忆 ,便于查找 ,读熟之后可起到和字典相同的作用。三、这本杂字用简练的词句表述今天农民在政治、生产、生活等各方面的知识 ,就像格言谚语 ,读熟之后可以长记不忘。四、这本杂字的写法都是用双行 (两行 ,四行 ,六行…… )表达一个完整意思的。阅读和理解的时候 ,一定要停在双行的末了或句点的地方 ;不可停在单行的末了或逗点的地方。
First, in 1944, I wrote a “daily miscellaneous character” in Yenan for the winter literacy teaching materials in the Shan-Gan-Ning border area. This “rural daily sundries” is based on the “daily life” adapted from. However, since the situation in the motherland today is quite different from that of the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border Region at that time, the result of the rewriting has been greatly changed: the three parts of politics, production and culture are completely written, the other three parts are also added and deleted by a great deal, The book’s project and the order is also different from the original. Second, the form of “miscellaneous words” is very good for consolidating literacy because it is written in rhyme, which is easy to read, easy to remember and easy to find. After reading it, it can play the same role as a dictionary. Third, this absurd expression of concise words and expressions of peasants in today’s political, production, life and other aspects of knowledge, as the saying goes, after reading cooked long remember. Fourth, the etymology is written in two lines (two lines, four lines, six lines ...) to express a complete meaning. When reading and understanding, be sure to stop at the end of a double line or place; can not stop at the end of a single line or comic place.