目的从成本-效益角度探讨慢性乙肝患者长期、规范抗病毒治疗带来的优势。方法回顾性收集四川大学华西医院肝炎门诊初次确诊为慢性乙型肝炎的患者2年内抗病毒治疗随访资料,结合HIS系统查询检查结果及全部费用,分析规范抗病毒治疗组和自行间断停药组患者经济费用、预后转归、病情进展等之间的差异。结果共计收集686例慢性乙型肝炎患者门诊资料,分析发现规范抗病毒治疗年均花费低于自行间断停药组(10 420vs.12 114,单位:元,P<0.01);HBeAg血清转换、HBV-DNA抑制、ALT复常、HBsAg清除、肝组织学率规范治疗组均明显优于自行间断停药组(21.96%vs.2.38%、72.14%vs.3.17%、75.89%vs.11.11%、3.04%vs.1.59%、70%vs.39.68%P<0.01)。结论长期/规范抗病毒治疗虽然每月花费较多,但从长期效益来看投入经济成本较少,且对病情的控制有显著效益。 Objective To explore the long-term and standardized advantages of antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B from the perspective of cost-benefit. Methods We retrospectively collected retrospectively the follow-up data of antiviral therapy within 2 years of first diagnosed chronic hepatitis B in West China Hospital of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, combined with HIS system to check the examination results and the total cost, and analyzed the data of patients with standard antiviral treatment and patients with discontinued self- Economic costs, the outcome of prognosis, the progression of the disease and so on. Results A total of 686 patients with chronic hepatitis B were collected for outpatient service. The average annual cost of standard antiviral therapy was lower than that of the discontinuation group (10 420 vs. 12 114, unit: RMB, P <0.01). HBeAg seroconversion, HBV -DNA inhibition, normalization of ALT, HBsAg clearance, and hepatic histological rate of treatment group were significantly better than the discontinuation group (21.96% vs.2.38%, 72.14% vs.3.17%, 75.89% vs.11.11%, 3.04 % vs.1.59%, 70% vs.39.68% P <0.01). Conclusion Although long-term / canonical antiviral therapy spends more per month, the economic cost of input is less in terms of long-term benefits, and there are significant benefits in disease control.