德治思想,即“运用道德的政治手段实现政治的最终道德目的”是儒家伦理价值体系中最终的价值归依。以人的主体意识的发展为切入点,考察殷周之际德治思想的构建可以看出,这一时期德治思想的构建共经历了三个阶段:殷商的神本文化——人的价值主体的缺失;周初的敬德保民——人具有了独立的价值主体;西周的礼乐文化——人的类意识的觉醒。可以说,殷周之际统治阶级从神权政治转向德治与礼治,在人的主体意识的发展历程上具有划时代的意义。 The rule of virtue, that is, “the ultimate moral purpose of using politics by means of moral and political means” is the ultimate value of Confucian ethical value system. Starting from the development of the subjective consciousness of the people, we can see that the construction of the thought of “ruling the country by morality” during the Yin and Zhou dynasties can be seen that the construction of the ruling by virtue in this period has gone through three stages: the divine culture of the Shang dynasty - The lack of value subject; Jingdebaomin people in early Zhou Dynasty - people have an independent value subject; the ritual music culture in Western Zhou Dynasty - the awakening of human consciousness. It can be said that during the Yin and Zhou Dynasties, the ruling class switched from theocracy to the rule of virtue and the rule of courtesy, which made epoch-making significance in the course of the development of the subjective consciousness of the people.