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目的:探讨胃固有层神经鞘瘤的临床病理特点以及内镜切除与手术切除成本效益的比较。方法:回顾性分析2011年10月—2016年7月在南京鼓楼医院确诊的38例胃神经鞘瘤(gastric schwannomas，GS)，将其分为内镜切除(包括内镜黏膜下挖除术、内镜全层切除术)组17例和手术切除组21例，并对其并发症、完整切除率和成本效益等进行统计分析。结果:患者中男11例(28.9%)、女27例(71.1%)，年龄(52±10)岁(41～63岁)。GS最常见于胃体(71.1%，27/38)和胃窦部(21.1%，8/38)。38例病灶均为隆起型，肿瘤长径(2.5±1.2)cm(0.6～4.5 cm)；内镜超声检查术发现60.5%病灶为异质性低回声，39.5%(15/38)病灶为低回声。内镜切除组完整切除率为100.0%(17/17)，中位手术时间54 min，11例(64.7%，11/17)患者出现穿孔，均经金属夹或金属夹辅助的荷包缝合完整封闭创面。与手术治疗组相比，内镜治疗组住院时间明显缩短[(4.6±0.6)d比(9.6±4.4)d，n P<0.001]，首次进流食的时间明显缩短[(1.2±0.4)d比(2.7±0.7)d，n P<0.001]，住院费用明显降低[(21 965.0±9 342.4)元比(34 253.3±10 520.9)元，n P<0.001]。组织标本中S100均阳性；中位随访时间34个月，随访期间未发生局部复发和远处转移。n 结论:内镜切除术对于固有肌层的GS的诊治是安全、有效的，相比外科手术有更高的经济效益比。“,”Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and cost-effectiveness of endoscopic resection and surgical resection for gastric schwannomas arising from the muscularis propria layer.Methods:Thirty-eight consecutive cases of gastric schwannomas diagnosed by histopathology between October 2011 and July 2016 were divided into the endoscopy group(including endoscopic submucosal excavation and endoscopic full-thickness resection) and the surgery group. Complications, complete resection rate and cost-effectiveness were analyzed.Results:The age was 52±10 years (range, 41-63 years) with 11(28.9%) males and 27(71.1%) females. The most common site of gastric schwannomas was the body (71.1%) and the antrum (21.1%). All 38(100%) lesions were protruded. The maximum diameter of the lesions was 2.5±1.2 cm (range 0.6-4.5 cm). Under endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), 60.5% lesions were heterogeneous hypoechoic, and 15 (39.5%) hypoechoic. The complete resection rate of endoscopy group was 100.0% (17/17). The median operation time of the endoscopy group was 54 minutes. Perforations occurred in 11 patients (64.7%, 11/17), and metal clips or the nylon rope combined with metallic clips were used to close the defect in the endoscopy group. Compared with the surgery group, the length of hospital stay was significantly shorter (4.6±0.6 d VS 9.6±4.4 d, n P<0.001); the time to the first fluid diet was significantly shorter (1.2±0.4 d VS 2.7±0.7 d,n P<0.001), and the costs were significantly lower (21 965.0±9 342.4 yuan VS 34 253.3±10 520.9 yuan,n P<0.001) in the endoscopy group. S100 immunoreactivity was present in all tumors. Local recurrence and distant metastasis did not occur during the median 34 months of follow-up.n Conclusions:Endoscopic resection appears to be safe and effective for diagnosis and treatment of gastric schwannomas from the muscularis propria layer. The cost-effectiveness of endoscopic resection is significantly higher than surgical resection.