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目的:对怀菊花种质资源品质评价,分析不同地域菊花的遗传关系及其药材的质量差异。方法:实地观察、走访药农等方法调查分析怀菊花种质资源;以2015年版《中国药典》中方法对绿原酸,木犀草苷,3,5-O-双咖啡酰基奎宁酸的含量测定;紫外-可见分光光度法总黄酮测定,2015年版《中国药典》中方法对水分、总灰分、酸不溶性灰分、浸出物、挥发油测定为主要评价指标,对不同产地的菊花药材的质量进行评价;采用随机扩增多态性DNA分子标记(RAPD)法分析不同产地菊花的遗传关系。结果:通过对菊花6项指标的分析,其有效成分含量均符合2015年版《中国药典》标准,表明温县、武陟县适合怀菊花的生长,是道地产区;7条引物共扩增出50条带,其中46条呈多态性,多态性比率为92.00%,怀菊和杭菊、贡菊、野菊都未能聚类,表明它们之间的亲缘关系较远,也证明在菊花种质资源中存在较丰富的遗传多样性,怀菊花聚为一大类,表明怀菊花栽培品种的遗传纯度较高。结论:对怀菊花种质资源分析研究,为怀菊花的规范化种植提供科学的参考依据;保护怀菊花资源、合理开发利用药材提供了科学依据。
Objective: To evaluate the quality of Chrysanthemum germplasm resources and to analyze the genetic relationship and quality differences of Chrysanthemum flowers in different regions. Methods: Field investigation, visits to farmer and other farmers were conducted to investigate the germplasm resources of Chrysanthemum morifolium. The contents of chlorogenic acid, luteolin and 3,5-O-dicavo-caffeoylquinic acid in Chinese Pharmacopoeia ; UV-visible spectrophotometric determination of total flavonoids, 2015 edition of “Chinese Pharmacopoeia” in the method of moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, extract, volatile oil determination as the main evaluation index, Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method was used to analyze the genetic relationship of chrysanthemum in different areas. Results: Through the analysis of 6 indicators of chrysanthemum, the effective components of the chrysanthemum were all in line with the standards of Chinese Pharmacopoeia in 2015. The results showed that Wenxian and Wuxian were suitable for the growth of chrysanthemum, 50 bands, of which 46 were polymorphic, the rate of polymorphism was 92.00%, and Chrysanthemum and Chrysanthemum, Gongju, Chrysanthemum were unable to cluster, indicating that the genetic relationship between them farther, but also proved that the chrysanthemum Germplasm resources are rich in genetic diversity, Chrysanthemum cluster into a broad category, indicating that chrysanthemum cultivars genetic purity higher. Conclusion: The analysis of germplasm resources of Chrysanthemum morifolium provides scientific references for the standardization of Chrysanthemum germplasm. It also provides a scientific basis for the protection of Chrysanthemum germplasm resources and rational development and utilization of medicinal herbs.