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目的分析2007—2014年循化县梅毒、HIV/AIDS的流行现况。方法收集循化县2007—2014年梅毒、HIV/AIDS疫情报告资料,运用描述流行病学方法,采用Excel2007进行统计分析。结果循化县2007—2014年共报告梅毒、HIV、AIDS 182例(3.36%),年平均发病率为18.09/10万(182/1 005 957),死亡4例,年平均死亡率为0.40/10万(4/1 005 957),病例数从2007—2014年呈逐年上升趋势。在182例总病例中,梅毒164例(90.11%);HIV11例(死亡3例),占总病例数的6.04%;AIDS 7例(死亡1例),占总病例数的3.85%。男性105例(57.69%),女性77例(42.31%),性别比为1.36:1;0~岁7例(3.85%),1~18岁组4例(2.20%),18~39岁组91例(50.00%),40~59岁组42例(23.08%),≥60岁组38例(20.88%)。职业中,农民最多,为99例(54.40%),其次为牧民24例(13.19%);民族中,藏族所占比例最高,为39.01%(71/182),其次为撒拉族37.91%(69/182);全县9个乡镇梅毒病例主要发生地区是道帏乡(15.60%)、刚察乡(14.89%)、积石镇(14.18%)、白庄镇(14.18%)发病为主;HIV主要发生地区是街子镇(36.36%)、积石镇(18.18%)、白庄镇(18.18%)、查汗都斯乡(18.18%)、道帏乡(9.09%);AIDS主要发现地区是街子镇(42.85%)、积石镇(28.57%)、白庄镇(28.57%)经男男性接触发病9例,占HIV/AIDS病例数的50.00%(9/18),经非婚异性性接触发病7例,占HIV/AIDS病例数的38.89%(7/18),经注射毒品发病1例,占HIV/AIDS病例数的5.56%(1/18),经输血/血制品发病1例,占HIV/AIDS病例数的5.56%(1/18)。结论该县梅毒、HIV/AIDS的发病呈上升趋势增长趋势,疫情由高危人群通过脆弱人群经性途径向一般人群扩散,同性传播明显增多,防控工作刻不容缓,相关部分需进一步加强当地的梅毒、HIV/AIDS防治工作。
Objective To analyze the prevalence of syphilis and HIV / AIDS in Xunhua County from 2007 to 2014. Methods The data of syphilis and HIV / AIDS epidemics in 2007-2004 in Xunhua County were collected, and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to carry out statistical analysis with Excel2007. Results A total of 182 cases (3.36%) of syphilis, HIV and AIDS were reported in Xunhua County from 2007 to 2014 with an average annual incidence rate of 18.09 / 100000 (182/1 005 957) and 4 deaths with an average annual mortality rate of 0.40 / 100,000 (4/1 005 957). The number of cases showed an increasing trend from 2007 to 2014. Among 182 total cases, 164 cases were syphilis (90.11%); 11 cases were HIV (3 deaths), accounting for 6.04% of total cases; 7 cases of AIDS (1 death), accounting for 3.85% of total cases. There were 105 males (57.69%), 77 females (42.31%), sex ratio 1.36: 1, 0 to 7 years old (3.85%), 1 to 18 years old in 4 cases (2.20% There were 91 cases (50.00%), 42 cases (23.08%) in 40 ~ 59 years old group and 38 cases (20.88%) ≥60 years old group. Among the occupations, the largest number of peasants was 99 (54.40%), followed by 24 herdsmen (13.19%). Among the ethnic groups, Tibetans accounted for the highest proportion of 39.01% (71/182), followed by Salar 37.91% (69 / 182). The main syphilis cases occurred in 9 townships in the county were mainly Daojiao (15.60%), Gangcha (14.89%), Jishi (14.18%) and Baizhuang (14.18%). The main areas of HIV are the towns of Zhenzi (36.36%), Jishi (18.18%), Baizhuang (18.18%), Chahanodu Township (18.18%) and Dao Township (9.09%). The main findings of AIDS The areas were Jiezi Town (42.85%), Jishi Town (28.57%) and Baizhuang Town (28.57%). Among them, 9 were diagnosed as MSM, accounting for 50.00% (9/18) of the number of HIV / AIDS cases, Heterosexual sexual contact occurred in 7 cases, accounting for 38.89% (7/18) of HIV / AIDS cases, 1 case of injecting drug, accounting for 5.56% (1/18) of the number of HIV / AIDS cases, One case was reported, accounting for 5.56% (1/18) of the number of HIV / AIDS cases. Conclusions The incidence of syphilis and HIV / AIDS in this county is on the rise. The epidemic spreads from the high-risk population to the general population through the sexual route through the vulnerable population, and the same-sex transmission increases obviously. The prevention and control work is urgent. The related part needs to further strengthen the local syphilis, HIV / AIDS prevention and control work.