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为探明防治棉田棉蚜Aphisgossypii(Glover)的最佳喷雾方式及喷液量,提高棉田的农药利用率,作者于2011-2012年在山东省棉花苗期和成株期分别使用背负式手动喷雾器和背负式机动弥雾机以常规大容量和低容量喷雾,比较杀虫剂25%吡蚜酮可湿性粉剂和3%啶虫脒乳油的喷雾雾滴在棉花田的沉积分布及棉蚜防治效果。结果表明:在棉花苗期,3%啶虫脒乳油用量450mL/ha时,使用机动弥雾机以75,150和225L/ha喷液量喷雾,药剂在地面的流失率分别为24.4%,28.9%和26.7%;使用手动喷雾器以300,450和600L/ha喷液量喷雾,杀虫剂在地面的流失率分别为35.6%,37.8%和46.7%;啶虫脒不同喷雾处理对棉蚜的防效无显著性差异(P>0.05)。在棉花成株期,25%吡蚜酮可湿性粉剂用量为300g/ha时,使用手动喷雾器以600L/ha喷液量喷雾,药剂地面流失率为13.3%;使用机动弥雾机以喷液量150L/ha喷雾时,药剂地面流失率为3.3%;25%吡蚜酮可湿性粉剂用量减少至225g/ha,使用机动弥雾机以喷液量150和300L/ha喷雾,对棉蚜的防效与吡蚜酮用量300g/ha、使用手动喷雾器在喷液量600L/ha条件下喷雾相比没有显著差异(P>0.05)。使用机动弥雾机喷雾可以减少田间用药量和喷液量,降低药液的流失率,减轻对环境的污染。
In order to find out the best spraying method and spraying amount of cotton aphid Aphis gossypii (Glover), and to improve the pesticide utilization rate in cotton field, the authors used the knapsack sprayer respectively in cotton seedling stage and adult stage in Shandong Province from 2011 to 2012 And Knapsack Mist with conventional high volume and low volume spray, the comparison of deposition and distribution of insecticide 25% pymetrozine wettable powder and 3% acetamiprid EC in cotton field and the control effect of cotton aphid . The results showed that when the dosage of 3% acetamiprid EC was 450mL / ha at seedling stage, the sprays of 75,150 and 225L / ha were sprayed by using the machine. The draining rate of pesticide on the ground was 24.4% and 28.9%, respectively 26.7% respectively. The sprays of pesticides on the ground were sprayed by spray at 300, 450 and 600L / ha, respectively, with the rate of 35.6%, 37.8% and 46.7% respectively. The effect of different spray treatments of acetamiprid on cotton aphids was insignificant Sex differences (P> 0.05). At the adult stage of cotton, the spray rate of sprayed sprays of 600L / ha was 13.3% when the dosage of 25% pymetrozine wettable powder was 300g / ha. The rate of liquid loss was 13.3% At the spraying rate of 150L / ha, the pesticide ground runoff rate was 3.3%; the dosage of 25% pymetrozine wettable powder was reduced to 225g / ha, and the sprayer spray rate of 150 and 300L / ha was used to prevent cotton aphid Compared with spraying pymetrozine 300g / ha, there was no significant difference (P> 0.05) between spray and pymetrozine dosage with 600L / ha sprays by manual sprayer. The use of mobile fog sprayer can reduce the field dose and spray volume, reduce the liquid rate of loss, reduce environmental pollution.