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西非地区是非洲大陆的主要油气富集区之一,构造演化主要经历了4个阶段,盆地内主要存在为盐下构造和由盐岩沉积引起的构造,沉积地层由盐下裂谷层序、盐上被动陆缘沉积层序和盐岩层序组成一个完整的沉积序列。石油地质研究表明,烃源岩以盐下烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好、生烃潜力大,储层以河流、三角洲及浊积砂岩为主,盐岩层是盆地的区域性盖层,同生断裂发育,形成各种与断层相关的圈闭类型。油气分布受沉积相带和构造带控制,油气具有垂直三角洲的沉积走向,即平行于构造带走向从东南向西北呈带状富集的规律。
The West African region is one of the major oil and gas-rich areas in the African continent. The tectonic evolution has mainly gone through four stages. The main subsalt region in the basin is the sub-salt structure and the structure caused by salt rock deposition. The sedimentary strata consist of sub-salt rift sequence, Passive continental margin sedimentary sequence and salt sequence form a complete sedimentary sequence. The petroleum geology research shows that the source rock is characterized by high abundance of organic matter, good type and high potential of hydrocarbon generation. The reservoir is mainly of rivers, delta and turbidite sandstone. The salt rock is a regional cap rock of the basin, Tongsheng fault development, the formation of a variety of fault-related trap types. The distribution of oil and gas is controlled by sedimentary facies belts and structural belts. The oil and gas have the vertical delta sedimentary direction, that is, the law parallel to the tectonic belts enriched from southeast to northwest.