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美国城市学家林奇(Kevin Lynch)在他的一本讨论城市的专著《关于美好城市的形式的一种理论》中,给城市下了六个定义,分别是:城市是历史进程的产物,城市是人类群体的生态学存在,城市是生产与物流的空间,城市是互有关联的决策系统,城市是竞争场所,城市是力场。这六个定义,其实是互为补充和相互解释的,并把城市这个复合体大致上描述出来了。事实上,城市的确是逐渐形成的。人类居住在城市里,创造了各种不同的谋生方式,他们像自然界的不同生物,共同形成了一个生物圈。同时,城市也是个大仓库,存放与搬运成了城市运动的两种基本方式。城市也是政治的中心,所以许多重大决策都来自城市错综复杂的人际关系和权力格局。而且,城市人与人之间的交往,冲突远甚于和谐,冷漠远甚于热情。最重要的是,城市是多种力量的集合,有排斥的,有容忍的,也有落寞的。城市是激烈较量的场所,力量在这里获得了它永恒的形式。
In his monograph about a good city, a theory by American urban scientist Kevin Lynch, there are six definitions of cities: the city is a product of the historical process, Cities are the ecological existence of human groups. Cities are the space for production and logistics. Cities are interdependent decision-making systems. Cities are places for competition and cities are forces. These six definitions are, in fact, mutually complementary and mutually explanatory, and they generally describe the city complex. In fact, the city is indeed gradually formed. Human beings live in cities and create different ways of making a living. Like the different creatures in nature, they form a biosphere. At the same time, the city is also a large warehouse, storage and handling has become the two basic ways of urban sports. Cities are also the center of politics, so many of the big decisions come from the intricate interpersonal relationships and power patterns in cities. Moreover, the interaction between people in the city, the conflict far more than harmony, indifference far more than passion. Most importantly, the city is a collection of multiple forces that are exclusive, tolerant, and lonely. The city is a place of intense contest where strength gains its eternal form.