目的探讨针对真菌18SrRNA基因的通用引物聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术诊断急性坏死性胰腺炎继发真菌感染的价值。方法建立PCR方法检测常见的临床真菌分离菌株；采用PCR技术和常规培养方法同时检测37份急性坏死性胰腺炎临床标本。结果对于临床真菌分离菌株，该PCR方法扩增出197bp大小的片段，而革兰氏阳性、阴性菌和人血白细胞呈阴性表达。11例急性坏死性胰腺炎患者的37份坏死组织或胰周脓液标本经真菌培养阳性为6份，而经PCR检测阳性为8份，PCR检测时间为7h。结论该PCR方法可以快速、敏感地诊断急性坏死性胰腺炎继发真菌感染。 Objective To investigate the value of universal primers polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for 18S rRNA gene in fungal diagnosis of secondary fungal infection in acute necrotizing pancreatitis. Methods PCR method was used to detect common strains of clinical isolates of fungus. 37 clinical samples of acute necrotizing pancreatitis were detected simultaneously by PCR and routine culture methods. Results For clinical isolates of fungi, the PCR method amplified a 197bp fragment, whereas the Gram-positive, -negative and human leukocytes were negative. Of the 11 patients with acute necrotizing pancreatitis, 37 samples of necrotic tissue or peripancreatic pus were positively expressed by fungi and 8 were positive by PCR. The PCR detection time was 7h. Conclusion The PCR method can rapidly and sensitively diagnose secondary fungal infection of acute necrotizing pancreatitis.