从理论和实验角度研究了金属-碳协同催化的化学气相沉积反应中碳纳米管的成核和生长过程。结果表明:多壁碳纳米管的成核和生长不仅受金属的催化作用,碳核一旦形成也会促进碳纳米管向轴向和径向的生长。金属催化剂颗粒仅仅在促进最内层碳核的形成及生长,碳原子向有序的石墨结构转化有催化作用。多壁碳纳米管和单壁碳纳米管形成的本质区别在于是否存在碳的自催化作用。 The nucleation and growth of carbon nanotubes during the chemical vapor deposition reaction catalyzed by metal-carbon were studied theoretically and experimentally. The results show that the nucleation and growth of multiwalled carbon nanotubes are not only catalyzed by metals, but also promote the growth of carbon nanotubes in both axial and radial directions. Metal catalyst particles only promote the formation and growth of the innermost carbon nucleus, and the carbon atom catalyzes the conversion to ordered graphite structure. The essential difference between the formation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and single-walled carbon nanotubes is the existence of the autocatalytic effect of carbon.