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甘肃天祝藏区地处黄河、石羊河等重要河流的源头和汇水区,是甘肃主要的水源涵养林区,也是西北地区重要的生态屏障。由于林牧资源的不合理利用,区域生态环境不断恶化,传统的以林养林建设模式已经不能满足现代林业发展的需求。因此探索建立长期、全面、有效的补偿机制和途径十分必要。针对甘肃省藏区生态环境现状和现行的生态补偿机制,分析研究了区域生态环境建设中存在的突出问题,提出了直接资金补偿、间接项目补偿、衍生保障补偿、辅助政策补偿等4种符合区域特点的生态补偿途径,以加快建立长效补偿机制,加强区域环境资源管护,实现区域经济、社会、环境的可持续发展。
The Tianzhu Tibetan area of Gansu is located at the source of the important rivers such as the Yellow River and the Shiyang River and the catchment area. It is the major water conservation forest area in Gansu and an important ecological barrier in the northwest region. Due to the irrational utilization of forest and animal husbandry resources, the regional ecological environment is deteriorating. The traditional construction mode of forest cultivation can no longer satisfy the demand of modern forestry development. Therefore, it is necessary to explore and establish a long-term, comprehensive and effective compensation mechanism and approach. In view of the status quo of ecological environment in Tibet and its existing ecological compensation mechanism in Gansu Province, this paper analyzes the prominent problems in the construction of regional ecological environment and puts forward four kinds of conformance areas: direct fund compensation, indirect project compensation, derivative guarantee compensation and auxiliary policy compensation. Characteristics of the ecological compensation channels to speed up the establishment of long-term compensation mechanism to strengthen the management of regional environmental resources, regional economic, social and environmental sustainable development.