转移是恶性肿瘤的重要特征,也是死亡的主要原因。有关转移机理的研究工作近年有不少进展,本文拟仅就基本过程、转移灶分布、选择问题这几方面,作一简要回顾。一、基本过程:恶性肿瘤细胞(以下简称癌细胞)从原发灶释出,经不同方式的运送,在体内另一部位阻留并生长成新的肿瘤病灶,此即转移过程。其运送途径有三:直接蔓延、淋巴播散及血行播散。 Metastasis is an important feature of malignant tumors and the main cause of death. There have been many advances in the research on the mechanism of metastasis. This article is intended to provide a brief review of the basic processes, the distribution of metastases, and the selection of these issues. First, the basic process: malignant tumor cells (hereinafter referred to as cancer cells) released from the primary tumor, transported by different methods, in another part of the body to retain and grow into new tumor lesions, this is the transfer process. There are three ways to transport it: direct spread, lymphatic spread, and hematogenous spread.