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目的了解晋江市某热电厂噪声环境作业工人听力损伤的特点,为制定控制措施提供依据。方法2013—2015年连续3年对热电厂进行职业卫生调查,以噪声作业车间工人150人为噪声组,无职业危害作业人员50人为对照组,进行纯音听阈测定,比较两组人员听力状况,并对噪声组听力损失进行统计分析。结果所有车间工种噪声属于连续稳态噪声,接噪工人均佩戴耳塞或耳罩,个人防护较好。噪声作业组高频听力异常检出率(28.7%)比对照组(6.0%)高,语频听力异常检出率(16.7%)也比对照组(2.0%)高;接噪各工种高频听力异常检出率和语频听力异常检出率差异均无统计学意义;听力损失检出率随工龄、年龄的增长呈增高趋势,但未检出噪声聋病例。结论该热电厂高强度噪声引起作业人员听力损伤,应加强职业病防护措施,以降低职业性噪声聋的危害。
Objective To understand the characteristics of hearing impairment of noise environment workers in a cogeneration plant in Jinjiang City, and to provide the basis for making control measures. Methods The occupational health survey of thermal power plant was conducted for three consecutive years from 2013 to 2015. A total of 150 noise workers were employed as noise group and 50 non-occupational hazardous workers as control group. Pure tone threshold was measured. The hearing status of the two groups was compared. Group hearing loss for statistical analysis. Results All workshop noise belongs to continuous steady-state noise, and noise workers wear earplugs or earmuffs, and personal protection is better. The detection rate of high-frequency hearing abnormalities in noise operation group (28.7%) was higher than that in control group (6.0%), and the audible frequency abnormality detection rate (16.7%) was also higher than that of control group (2.0% There was no significant difference in the detection rate of hearing abnormalities and audiometric abnormalities. The detection rate of hearing loss increased with the increase of seniority and age, but no cases of noisy hearing loss were detected. Conclusion The high-intensity noise of the thermal power plant causes hearing impairment of workers, and occupational disease prevention measures should be strengthened to reduce the harm of occupational noise and deafness.