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美国的公民诉讼制度,作为一种补充环境行政执法的环境公益诉讼类型已经发展了有近四十年的历史,不少案件的事实类型都与我国近几年来试验的环境公益诉讼案件事实很相似,值得我国参考。本文通过对由美国著名环境保护组织塞拉俱乐部提起的一起水污染公民诉讼案的详细介绍和分析,呈现美国公民诉讼制度的具体细节,以期供我国的环境公益诉讼推动者借鉴,并提出补充环境行政执法类的环境公益诉讼要发挥应有功能所需要的激励机制、保障机制及法院能够提供的具有创造性和可执行性的救济方式。
As a type of environmental public interest litigation that supplements the environmental administrative law enforcement, the civil litigation system in the United States has been developing for nearly 40 years. The factual types of many cases are very similar to the fact that environmental public interest litigation cases tried in recent years in our country , Worthy of our reference. This article presents a detailed description and analysis of a citizen litigation case brought by Sierra Club, a famous environmental protection organization in the United States, presenting the details of the civil procedure lawsuit in the United States for reference by our promoters of environmental public interest litigation. The environmental public interest lawsuit in the administrative law enforcement class should give full play to the incentive mechanism, the safeguard mechanism and the remedial method which the court can provide with creativity and enforceability.