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松茸是一种珍贵的食药用菌,至今无法人工栽培.为更好地开发利用松茸资源,以采自四川小金、雅江、木里等7个县的24株不同生境的野生松茸子实体为材料,采用ISSR(Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat)分子标记及rDNA ITS序列分析的方法研究这些菌株的遗传资源及多样性.从15条ISSR引物中筛选出2条多态性较好的引物对所有菌株进行了扩增,所得条带表明,在松茸中存在一定的遗传多样性;亲缘关系树状图表明,来自木里、会东、小金的大部分松茸样品聚为一个类群,而雅江、盐源、盐边、冕宁的为另一类群,呈现一定的地理分化现象.通过对各菌株rDNA ITS序列分析表明,松茸菌株间的ITS序列相似性很高.同时系统进化树表明四川松茸(Tricholoma matsutake)与美洲口蘑(T.magnivelare)同源关系较近,与欧洲口蘑(T.caligatum)距离较远,这与报道的形态学分类结果并不一致.本研究表明四川松茸蕴含丰富的遗传信息.图4表4参16
Matsutake is a precious edible and medicinal fungus that has not been artificially cultivated so far.To better develop and utilize Matsutake resources, we collected 24 wild Hedysarita matsutake seeds from 24 different habitats in Xiaogan, Yajiang and Muli of Sichuan Province as The ISSR (Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat) molecular markers and rDNA ITS sequence analysis were used to study the genetic diversity and diversity of these isolates.Fourteen ISSR primers were screened for two polymorphic primers for all strains The amplified bands showed that there was some genetic diversity in matsutake. The phylogenetic tree showed that most matsutake samples from Muli, Huidong, and Jinjin clustered into a taxon, while Yajiang and Yanyuan , Yanbian and Mianning as the other groups showed some geographical differentiation.Through the analysis of rDNA ITS sequences of each strain, the ITS sequence similarity of Matsutake was high, and the phylogenetic tree indicated that Tricholoma matsutake ) Had close homology with T.magnivelare and distantly related to T. caligatum, which was inconsistent with the reported morphological classification results.The present study showed that M. matsutake is abundant Of genetic information