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大田栽培条件下,以转Bt玉米Mon810及其亲本非转基因玉米为研究对象,在玉米的不同生育期测定根际土壤微生物的数量变化,并对细菌群落结构及多样性进行了分析。结果表明,各生育期内Bt玉米与对照相比根际土壤真菌无显著差异,但细菌在抽丝期,放线菌在苗期二者有显著差异。同种细菌功能群的数量变化在Bt玉米和对照各生育期内趋势一致,不同的菌群表现不同。亚硝化细菌、好气固氮菌、氨化细菌和钾细菌的数量变化波动较大,其中Bt玉米和对照相比好气固氮菌的数量在生育期内有5个生育期有显著差异,而氨化细菌、钾细菌和亚硝酸菌仅分别在乳熟期、喇叭口期及拔节期和抽雄期差异显著。好气纤维分解菌和硝化细菌在苗期、拔节期和喇叭口期差异显著,无机磷分解菌在乳熟期和完熟期数量差异显著。整个生育期内3种群落特征参数均保持基本稳定,除乳熟期和完熟期外Bt玉米根际微生物群落特征参数均高于对照。
Under field cultivation, the changes of rhizosphere soil microorganisms were measured at different growth stages of maize with the transgenic Bt maize Mon810 and its non-transgenic maize as the research object. The bacterial community structure and diversity were also analyzed. The results showed that there was no significant difference in rhizosphere soil fungi between Bt maize and control at each growth stage, but there was a significant difference between the two strains in the period of drawing and actinomycetes. The change of the number of functional groups of the same species showed the same tendency during the growth period of Bt corn and control, and the performance of different flora varied. The quantity of nitrite bacteria, azotobacter aureum, ammonifier bacteria and potassium bacteria fluctuated greatly. The quantity of aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in Bt corn was significantly different from that of control in five growth periods, while that of ammonification bacteria , Potassium bacteria and nitrite bacteria were only significant differences in milk ripening stage, trumpet stage, jointing stage and tasseling stage respectively. There were significant differences between aerobic decomposing bacteria and nitrifying bacteria in seedling stage, jointing stage and trumpet stage, and significant differences in numbers of inorganic phosphorus-decomposing bacteria during milking stage and maturing stage. The characteristic parameters of the three communities remained basically stable throughout the growth period, except that the characteristic parameters of rhizosphere microbial community in Bt maize were higher than those in the control except for the mature stage and mature stage.