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自乙型肝炎 (乙肝 )疫苗使用以来 ,乙肝疫苗免疫后的低应答和无应答是国内外研究较多的一个问题。导致乙肝疫苗免疫失败的原因可分为 4类 14种因素 :(1)疫苗因素 ,如疫苗抗原成分、含量、灭活方法、佐剂的质量 ;(2 )机体因素 ,如接种人群的年龄、性别、体重、遗传因素 ;(3)接种因素 ,如接种的途径、部位、针次、程序 ;(4)其它因素 ,如母亲乙肝病毒感染指标的状况、疾病因素、不良嗜好和病毒变异等。针对免疫失败的原因 ,采取相应补救措施 ,可以提高乙肝疫苗的免疫成功率
Since the use of Hepatitis B (HBV) vaccine, the low and no response after Hepatitis B vaccine immunization is one of the most frequently studied problems at home and abroad. The reasons leading to the failure of hepatitis B vaccine immunization can be divided into four categories of 14 factors: (1) vaccine factors such as vaccine antigen composition, content, inactivation methods, the quality of adjuvants; (2) the body factors, such as vaccinated population age, Gender, weight and genetic factors; (3) inoculation factors, such as the route of vaccination, location, needles and procedures; and (4) other factors such as the status of mother’s hepatitis B virus infection, disease factors, bad habits and virus variation. For the reasons of immune failure, take appropriate remedial measures, can improve the success rate of hepatitis B vaccine immunization