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一、简介过去的四十多年,文化遗产收集中的伦理观与考古学家在文化遗产保护中的作用均发生了重大变化。掠夺、开发、战争和其他破坏性力量使文化遗产受到不同程度损害,为了保护古代文物和文化遗迹,人们制定了包括国家法律和国际公约等在内的各种保护措施。这些新的法律框架形成了新的惯例,包括作为考古学家该如何开展工作、如何看待考古学家与其他利益相关者的关系以及考古学家与他们想要研究和保护的文化遗产之间的关系等。
I. Introduction Over the past four decades, the ethical values in the collection of cultural heritage and the role played by archaeologists in the protection of cultural heritage have undergone major changes. Predators, exploits, wars and other destructive forces have inflicted varying degrees of damage on cultural heritage. In order to protect ancient cultural relics and cultural relics, various protective measures have been enacted, including national laws and international conventions. These new legal frameworks have shaped new practices that include how archaeologists work, how archaeologists relate to other stakeholders, and between archeologists and the cultural heritage they want to study and protect Relationship and so on.