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通过多年的小区高产栽培试验和高产攻关,对小麦的穗数、穗粒数进行了研究。结果表明,在相似栽培条件下,有的年份间穗数相差较多,有的年份间穗粒数相差较多。年后幼苗阶段积温,是决定穗数多少的主要因子;小麦返青后5d平均滑动气温首次≥4℃至拔节前的天数,是决定穗粒数多少的主要因素。但只要采取相应的技术措施,不论什么年份,均可获得足够的穗数和较多穗粒数。
Through many years of high-yielding cultivation experiments and high-yielding plot, wheat spike number and grain number per spike were studied. The results showed that under the similar cultivation conditions, the number of spikes varied in some years, while in some years, the number of spikes per spike was significantly different. The annual temperature of seedling stage is the main factor to determine the number of ears. The average sliding temperature of 5 days after returning to green is ≥4 ℃ and the number of days before jointing is the main factor to determine the number of grains per spike. However, as long as the corresponding technical measures taken, no matter what year, can get enough spikes and more grains per spike.