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黄胫小车蝗Oedaleus infernalis Saussure是一种在我国分布广泛、对农牧业生产危害严重的经济害虫。本文对黄胫小车蝗10个地理种群的线粒体COI基因序列进行测序和分析,利用DnaSP 5.0和Arlequin 3.5.1.2软件对该蝗虫种群间的遗传多样性、遗传分化程度、基因流水平及分子变异进行了分析,建立了单倍型贝叶斯系统发育进化树和单倍型网络图。结果表明:在所分析的144个序列样本中,共检测到21种单倍型,其中1种单倍型为10个地理种群所共享。总群体的单倍型多样性指数为0.653,各地理种群单倍型多样度范围在0.423~0.790之间。总群体和各种群的Tajima’s D检验结果皆不显著,说明该种害虫在较近的历史上未经历群体扩张。总群体的遗传分化系数Gst为0.04436,固定系数Fst为0.05255,基因流Nm为9.01。AMOVA分子方差分析结果表明,黄胫小车蝗的遗传分化主要来自种群内部,种群间的遗传变异水平较低。各地理种群的遗传距离的大小与其地理距离间没有显著的相关性。贝叶斯系统发育进化树与单倍型网络图显示,黄胫小车蝗各地理种群中的单倍型散布在不同的分布群中,分布格局较为混杂,未形成明显的系统地理结构。研究结果揭示,黄胫小车蝗各种群间的基因交流并未受到地理距离的影响。
Oedaleus infernalis Saussure is a pest widely distributed in our country and seriously endangering the production of agriculture and animal husbandry. In this paper, we sequenced and analyzed the mitochondrial COI gene sequences of 10 geographical populations of A. tangutorus. Using DnaSP 5.0 and Arlequin 3.5.1.2 software, we analyzed the genetic diversity, genetic differentiation, gene flow and molecular variation of this grasshopper population Analyzed, the haplogroup Bayesian phylogenetic tree and haplotype network map were established. The results showed that a total of 21 haplotypes were detected among the 144 sequences analyzed, of which 1 haplotype was shared by 10 geographic populations. The haplotype diversity index of the total population was 0.653, and the haplotype diversity of each geographic population ranged from 0.423 to 0.790. The Tajima’s D test results for the total population and for each population were not significant, indicating that the pest did not experience population expansion in more recent history. The genetic differentiation coefficient Gst of the total population was 0.04436, the coefficient of fixation Fst was 0.05255, and the gene flow Nm was 9.01. The results of AMOVA molecular variance analysis indicated that the genetic differentiation of L. carpio locust mainly came from within the population and the genetic variation among the populations was low. There is no significant correlation between the size of genetic distance and geographic distance of each geographical population. Bayesian phylogenetic tree and haplotype network map showed that the haplotypes of each geographical population of A. tibetanus distributed in different distribution groups, the distribution pattern was rather mixed, and no obvious system geographic structure was formed. The results of the study revealed that the gene exchange among the various groups in the locust was not influenced by the geographic distance.