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聚苯胺在微波吸收及电磁屏蔽方面有极大的应用前景。研究了电化学聚合苯胺纤维,并对其物化性质进行了研究。采用扫描电子显微镜,X射线衍射仪等对聚苯胺的形貌、结构进行了研究,采用电化学测试系统对其循环伏安等性能进行了研究。结果表明,聚合电位和时间对聚合速度,聚苯胺结构和电导率都有很大的影响。聚苯胺纤维的表面形貌与聚合参数关系密切。通过控制聚合电位和时间,以盐酸为掺杂酸可以得到所需尺寸的聚苯胺纳米纤维。合成导电聚苯胺的最佳条件为:0.5mol/L An、1mol/L HCl、常温、聚合电位0.8V.聚苯胺纳米纤维电磁屏蔽效能显著,有利于制备高效轻质的电磁屏蔽材料。
Polyaniline has great application prospects in microwave absorption and electromagnetic shielding. The electrochemical polymerization of aniline fibers was studied and its physicochemical properties were studied. The morphology and structure of polyaniline were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry. The cyclic voltammetry and other properties of the polyaniline were studied by electrochemical test system. The results show that the polymerization potential and time have a great influence on the polymerization rate, polyaniline structure and conductivity. Polyaniline fiber surface morphology and polymerization parameters are closely related. Polyaniline nanofibers of the desired size can be obtained by controlling the polymerization potential and time with hydrochloric acid as a doping acid. The optimum conditions for the synthesis of polyaniline were as follows: 0.5 mol / L An, 1 mol / L HCl, room temperature, polymerization potential 0.8 V. Polyaniline nanofibers had significant electromagnetic shielding effectiveness, which was conducive to the preparation of highly efficient and lightweight electromagnetic shielding materials.