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德国在1883年确立的医疗保险法是德国法定医疗保险制度的构筑基础。近年来围绕这部法律实施了一系列的改革措施,使得德国的医疗保险和健康福利事业能在整体上与变化的经济和社会情况相适应。这些改革措施包括:抑制医疗保险费率不断上升的趋势、削减医疗保险机构的债务、医疗服务质量的评估制度。本文还对近来争议颇多的医疗保险机构的组织机构改革进行了评价,并提出对未来改革方向的预测。
The medical insurance law established by Germany in 1883 is the foundation of the statutory medical insurance system in Germany. In recent years, a series of reform measures have been implemented around this law, making it possible for Germany’s health insurance and health benefits to adapt to changing economic and social conditions as a whole. These reform measures include: to curb the rising trend of medical insurance rates, reducing the debt of medical insurance institutions, medical service quality evaluation system. The article also evaluates the organizational reforms of the recent controversial medical insurance agencies and proposes the future direction of the reform.