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随着信息化的不断发展，大数据（big data）正在越来越多地被运用于慢性病预防控制领域，对居民健康产生重大且深远的影响。本文简要地介绍了大数据和健康大数据（healthy big data）的定义、特征和分类；重点阐述了健康大数据的分析方法及其在慢性病三级预防中的应用；健康大数据应用所面临的技术难题、数据管理和共享、数据质量、伦理和隐私等诸多方面的挑战。为健康大数据在慢性病预防控制方面提供更多研究思路。“,”With the continuous development of informatization, big data has been increasingly used in the prevention and control of chronic diseases, which has a significant and considerable influence on public health. This paper briefly introduces the definition, characteristics and classification of big data and healthy big data, focusing on the analysis methods and their applications in tertiary prevention, as well as the challenges in technology, data management, sharing and quality, ethics and privacy, with the aim of providing more research approaches for healthy big data application in chronic disease prevention and control.