碳酸二甲酯是一种绿色的有机合成中间体,由CO2直接合成碳酸二甲酯备受关注。本文介绍了CO2和CH3OH直接合成碳酸二甲酯的各种催化剂,分析了催化剂的优缺点,探讨了催化反应的机理。同时介绍了合成碳酸二甲酯的新技术和新方法。最后指出了由CO2直接合成碳酸二甲酯的研究趋势。 Dimethyl carbonate is a kind of green organic synthesis intermediate. It has received much attention from the direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from CO2. In this paper, various catalysts for the direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from CO2 and CH3OH are introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of the catalysts are analyzed and the mechanism of the catalytic reaction is discussed. At the same time introduced the new technology and new method of synthesis of dimethyl carbonate. Finally, the research trend of direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from CO2 is pointed out.