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目的：观察右美托咪定对神经病理性疼痛（ SNL）大鼠的镇痛效果，探讨右美托咪定镇痛与细胞因子TNF-α的相关性。方法雄性SD大鼠32只，200~220 g，随机分4组（每组8只）：假手术组（ S组）、SNL组、右美托咪定SNL组（ DSNL组）、依那西普SNL组（ ESNL组）。S组仅暴露脊神经但不结扎，其余组建立SNL模型。术毕即刻，DSNL组和ESNL组鞘内分别给予右美托咪定1μg或依那西普50μg连续7 d，S组和SNL组给予等量生理盐水。于术前、术后1 d、3 d、5 d、7 d测试各组大鼠机械缩足反射阈值（ PWPT）和热缩爪潜伏期（ PWL）。术后第7天取脊髓腰膨大组织采用ELSIA试剂盒测量TNF-α的表达。结果与S组相比，术后3 d、5 d、7 d各组PWPT和PWL明显降低（ P﹤0.05），TNF-α表达增多（ P﹤0.05）；与SNL组比，DSNL组和ESNL组3 d、5 d、7 d的PWPT和PWL明显增高（ P﹤0.05），TNF-α表达降低（ P﹤0.05）。结论在SNL大鼠模型中，右美托咪定可以产生良好的镇痛作用，其镇痛作用可能与降低TNF-α的表达有关。“,”Objective To observe the analgesic effect of dexmedetomidine on neuropathic pain ( NPP)in rats with spinal nerve ligation( SNL)and the correlation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha( TNF-α). Methods Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats(200 ~220g)were randomly divided into four groups( n=8 each),including group with sham operation( S group),group with simple SNL( SNL group), group with dexmetetomidine( DEX)and SNL( DSNL group)and etanercept( ETN)and SNL( ESNL group). In the S group,the spinal nerves of rats were exposed without ligation and the SNL model were completely established in other groups. In the DSNL and ESNL group,rats were given 1 μg of DEX or 50 μg of ETN for 7 days. The same volume of normal saline was given in the S and SNL group. Paw withdrawal pressure threshold(PWPT)and paw withdrawal latency(PWL)of all rats were tested at the 1st,2nd,3rd,5th and 7th day after surgery. Lumbar enlargement of the spinal was harvested for ELSIA test of TNF-αexpression at the 7th day after surgery. Results Compared with the S group,PWPT and PWL in other groups were significantly decreased at the 3rd,5th,7th day after operation(P﹤0. 05)and the TNF-αexpression was in-creased(P﹤0. 05);compared with the SNL group,PWPT and PWL in the DSNL and ESNL group was significantly increased at the 3rd,5th,7th day after operation(P﹤0. 05)but the TNF-αexpression was de-creased(P﹤0. 05). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can produce a good analgesic effect and it may be as-sociated with the decreasing of TNF-α.