近年在奉化市莼湖沿海一带,葡萄因病虫危害损失较大。主要病害有黑痘病、霜霉病、炭疽病,主要害虫有透翅蛾、叶蝉、金龟子。黑痘病主要危害叶片和果粒,被害叶片开始发生褐色小斑点,以后扩大穿孔叶片干枯;果粒被害先产生褐色小斑点,病斑扩大后边缘呈褐色,中央变成白色并凹陷,果粒变硬,品质变劣,不能食用;黑痘病也危害叶柄、叶梢卷须等各个部位。霜霉病主要危害叶片,在被害叶片的叶背长出灰白色霉层,叶面形成黄绿色油渍状不定形斑点,温度20℃以上的高湿天气最易发病,严重时病叶干枯提早脱落,并 In recent years, Fenghua City Lake area along the coast, grape loss due to pests and diseases larger. The main diseases are melasma, downy mildew, anthracnose, the main pests are moth, leafhopper, beetle. The main damage to the leaves and fruit particles of acne disease, the victim leaves began to brown small spots, after the expansion of perforation leaves dry; fruit damage first produce small brown spots, lesion expanded brown edge, the center becomes white and hollow, fruit Hard, poor quality, can not eat; acne disease also endanger petiole, leaf tip tendrils and other parts. Downy mildew is the main hazard of leaves, leaf blades in the victim leaves grow gray mildew layer, the formation of yellowish-green leaves shaped amorphous spots, the temperature is above 20 ℃ the most vulnerable to high humidity weather, severe disease leaves early dry off, and