目的了解和掌握青岛市四方区中小学生因病缺课发生状况与发展规律,评价在中小学校开展学生因病缺课监测系统的应用效果。方法对2011年青岛市四方区中小学校因病缺课监测系统获得的信息,采用SPSS 13.0对数据进行统计分析。结果 2011年青岛市四方区中小学生因病缺课率为0.17%,人均缺课天数为0.31d。因病缺课率小学生最高,高中生最低,不同学习阶段学生的缺课率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。缺课原因呼吸道症状排在首位,其次为消化道症状。缺课疾病排在前5位的分别为感冒、胃肠道疾病、水痘、腮腺炎和伤害。体育活动损伤在小学生中发生较多,切割伤在高中生中所占比例较多。结论应在老师、学生和家长中加强呼吸道和消化道疾病的宣传教育,培养学生良好的习惯,降低伤害发生,同时应加强因病缺课监测系统的预警处置工作。 Objective To understand and grasp the occurrence and development of primary and secondary school students in Sifang District of Qingdao City due to illness and absence and to evaluate the application effect of monitoring system in primary and secondary schools. Methods Based on the information obtained from the monitoring system of absence due to illness in Sifang District of Qingdao City in 2011, SPSS 13.0 was used to analyze the data. Results In 2011, the absenteeism rate of primary and secondary school students in Sifang District of Qingdao was 0.17%, and the number of missed classes per capita was 0.31d. There was a significant difference in absenteeism among different stages of schooling (P <0.01). The reasons for absence of respiratory symptoms ranked first, followed by gastrointestinal symptoms. The top 5 absenteeism diseases were colds, gastrointestinal diseases, chicken pox, mumps and injuries respectively. Sports injuries occur more often among primary school students, while cutting injuries account for a greater proportion of high school students. Conclusions Publicity and education on respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases should be strengthened among teachers, students and parents so as to cultivate good habits of students and reduce the occurrence of injuries. At the same time, early warning and disposal of illness and absence monitoring systems should be strengthened.