目的探讨糖尿病患者发生医院感染的危险因素,为采取有效的控制措施提供依据。方法采用回顾性调查的方法,分析糖尿病患者医院感染发生率、部位、病原菌及其相关危险因素。结果316例糖尿病患者发生医院感染55例,感染率为17.41%,高于同期医院平均医院感染率4.62%(P<0.01);感染部位以下呼吸道为首,依次为泌尿系统、胃肠道、皮肤软组织、口腔和血液系统;病原菌以G-杆菌(53.85%)和G+球菌(41.02%)为主;医院感染主要与高龄、病程、住院时间、院前滥用抗生素、糖尿病代谢控制不佳、并发症及侵入性操作有关。结论积极治疗原发病,有效控制血糖,缩短住院时间,尽量避免或减少侵入性诊疗操作和注意提高患者免疫力等,是防治糖尿病患者发生医院感染的有效措施。 Objective To investigate the risk factors of nosocomial infection in patients with diabetes mellitus and provide the basis for effective control measures. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted to analyze the prevalence, location, pathogens and their associated risk factors of nosocomial infections in diabetic patients. Results Among the 316 patients with nosocomial infections, 55 were found to have nosocomial infections, the infection rate was 17.41%, which was higher than the average hospital infection rate of 4.62% (P <0.01) in the same period. The respiratory tract was followed by urinary system, gastrointestinal tract, (53.85%) and G (+) bacteria (41.02%). The main causes of nosocomial infection were age-related, duration of disease, length of hospital stay, antibiotic abuse in hospital, poor metabolic control of diabetes, Invasive operations related. Conclusion Active treatment of the primary disease, effective control of blood glucose, shorter hospital stay, try to avoid or reduce invasive treatment and attention to improve patient immunity, prevention and treatment of nosocomial infections in patients with diabetes is an effective measure.