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工程应用的一个重要方面是根据资金风险、工人安全及财产安全,对作业进行风险评估。地下采煤作业、煤炭储存以及运输过超中发生的自燃这一历史现象,就是这类问题的典型代表。尽管一些科研工作和许多实验技术得到了发展,然而这种现象仍未能得到彻底解决。最新发展导致了基于内在因素和外部条件的风险评估准则,然而由此算得的风险因子是主观的。专家系统及人工智能的应用有可能提供一个解决此问题的启发式方法。本文提出的运用专家系统进行评估的技术,也适用于许多其它的商业或工程应用,特别是那些风险因素的评估受经验限制的场合。
An important aspect of engineering application is the risk assessment of operations based on financial risks, worker safety and property safety. The historical phenomenon of underground mining operations, coal storage, and spontaneous combustion in transit are among the typical examples of such problems. Although some scientific research and many experimental techniques have been developed, however, this phenomenon has not yet been completely solved. Recent developments lead to risk assessment criteria based on intrinsic and exogenous conditions, however the risk factors thus calculated are subjective. The application of expert systems and artificial intelligence may provide a heuristic method to solve this problem. The techniques proposed in this paper for evaluating using expert systems also apply to many other commercial or engineering applications, especially where the assessment of risk factors is limited by experience.